Is Magnesium Diboride MgB2 a Superconductor?

Recently, the world's largest investment management corporation, BlackRock, in a market research report said that currently, they prefer U.S. and Japanese equities to European equities because of the energy problem stemming from Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

"Russia's invasion of Ukraine caused terrible injuries, a surge in commodity prices, and food and energy security issues," BlackRock, "It is stifling the economic growth and fulling inflation driven by supply problems. Europe is most affected among those developed markets, as it is trying to wean itself off Russian energy."

The volatile international political situations will continue to affect the markets and prices of many commodities like the MgB2 powder.

Introduction to Magnesium Boride MgB2 Powder
Magnesium diboride or magnesium boride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula MgB2. It is a dark gray, insoluble solid. 
The compound is of interest because it becomes superconducting at 39 K (-234 °C). In terms of its composition, MgB2 is significantly different from most low-temperature superconductors, which are mainly transition metals. The superconductivity mechanism is mainly described by BCS theory.
 
Is Magnesium Diboride MgB2 a Superconductor?
The superconducting properties of magnesium diboride were discovered in 2001.
Its critical temperature (Tc) is 39 K (-234°C; -389°F), which is the highest among conventional superconductors. This is unusual in conventional (phonon-mediated) superconductors.  Its electronic structure allows for the existence of two distinct types of electrons at the Fermi level, one of which (sigma-bonding) is more superconducting than the other (Pi-bonding).  This contradicts the usual phonon-mediated superconductivity theory, which assumes that all electrons behave in the same way. The theoretical understanding of MgB2 characteristics can be almost realized by modeling two energy gaps.
In 2001, it was thought to act more like a metal than a cuprate superconductor. 
 

Magnesium Diboride MgB2 Powder CAS 12007-25-9

 
Related Elements of MgB2:
Boron:
Boron (atomic symbol: B, atomic number:5) is a p-block element of group 13 of period 2, with an atomic weight of 10.81. Each boron layer has 2,3 electrons, and its electron configuration is [He] 2s2, 2p1. The boron atom has a radius of 90pm, and the van der Waals radius is 192pm. Boron is classified as a metal-like substance that does not naturally occur on Earth. The element boron, along with carbon and nitrogen, is one of the few elements in the periodic table known to form stable triple bond compounds. The bandgap of boron ranges from 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of silicon and germanium.
 
Magnesium:
Magnesium (atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12) is the second group S element of period 3, with an atomic mass of 24.3050. The shell electron number of magnesium is [2,8,2] and the electron configuration is [Ne] 3s2. The radius of the magnesium atom is 160pm, and the van der Waals radius is 173pm. Magnesium is the eighth-most abundant element in the earth's crust and the fourth most common on the entire planet. Elemental Magnesium In its elemental form, magnesium has a shiny gray metallic appearance and is a very reactive substance. It can be found in minerals such as brucite, carnallite, dolomite, magnesite, olivine, and talc. Commercially, magnesium is mainly used in the manufacture of strong and light aluminum-magnesium alloys, which have many advantages in industrial applications.
 
Main Supplier of Magnesium Boride MgB2 Powder
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The World Food Program (WFP) of the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU) said in a statement that the conflict between Russia and Ukraine poses risks to global food supplies, and called on the international community to increase support for vulnerable countries and jointly address food security challenges. 

A few days ago, the Executive director of the World Food Program, the European Commission's commissioner in charge of crisis management, the French Foreign Minister of the ROTATING EU presidency, and other officials held a meeting in Rome, Italy, to discuss how to deal with the negative impact of the Conflict between Russia and Ukraine on global food security. 

One of the officials told a news conference after the meeting that the world was facing a food supply challenge that would "last for many years" as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine pushed up global food prices and disrupted the MgB2 powder will continue.

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